Understanding E-Bike Throttles: What’s Legal and What’s Not

If you're diving into the world of electric bikes, you'll likely come across discussions about throttles - particularly around their legalities. The use of throttles on e-bikes is regulated, but the laws can be tricky to navigate. Here’s a breakdown to help you understand what’s allowed and what isn’t when it comes to e-bike throttles in the UK. Make sure to read the full article, as the answer isn't as clear cut as you might imagine!

Want to check out our collection of throttle powered electric bikes? Explore our dedicated page here.

The Basics of Throttle Regulations

Contrary to popular belief, throttles on electric bikes aren’t outright banned in the UK. However, their use is subject to specific legal conditions.

Standard throttles on e-bikes are legal in the UK but can only operate without pedalling up to 6km/h or 3.7mph, typically for “walk start” assistance. To go faster, the rider must pedal.

It is possible to purchase an Electrically Assisted Pedal Cycle (EAPC) with a throttle that can provide electrical assistance without the use of pedals, up to 15.5mph, as long as it is 'type approved'.

Riders interested in a throttle-powered 'type approved' EAPC should refer to our Wisper collection.

When you order an eligible Wisper full-throttle eBike, we arrange for it to be tested by the DVSA and approved as an L1e category 250W Low Powered Moped. This process can take 2-8 weeks, as the bike needs to be inspected at an approved MVSA centre for Single Vehicle Approval (SVA) tests.

These tests ensure that the eBike complies with current Electrically Assisted Pedal Cycle (EAPC) regulations. After the test, we receive a British National Type Approval certificate, which is specific to your bike’s frame number. This certificate is valid for the bike's lifetime and doesn’t require renewal, unlike an MOT.

When not using the throttle, the bike functions like a standard eBike, with no impact on regular EAPC features.

The Evolution of UK E-Bike Law

Before 1st January 2016, the UK's e-bike regulations were more relaxed than those in the European Union. In fact, "Twist and Go" throttles, which could power an e-bike up to 15mph without any pedalling, were completely legal. However, with the harmonisation of UK law with EU standards, this changed.

From 2016 onwards, EAPCs that have not been 'type approved' must follow the “Walk Start” rule. This allows riders to travel up to 3.7mph without pedalling, but beyond that, pedal assistance is mandatory. Once the bike exceeds 3.7mph, the assist cuts out, and the motor only assists if you're pedalling. This helps to ensure that e-bikes remain bicycles rather than being classified as motorised vehicles.

The Line Between E-Bikes and Mopeds

Once an e-bike can propel the bike over 3.7mph without pedalling, it’s no longer considered an e-bike but a “Low Powered Moped.” These mopeds require type approval from VOSA (Vehicle and Operator Services Agency) and must meet additional specifications, such as having integrated lights and mudguards.

The Benefits of Throttles on E-Bikes

While throttles can't do all the work for you, they offer significant advantages, especially when you need a brief rest. Riders can use the throttle to maintain speed with less effort, though it’s important to remember that even powerful 48V e-bikes will still require you to pedal on hills and use the gears to assist the motor effectively.

Whether you're new to e-bikes or an experienced rider, understanding throttle regulations and how they function on different models is crucial for ensuring you stay within the law - and get the most out of your e-bike experience.

Looking to get a throttle powered electric bike? Explore our collection here.

Further Reading

For full requirements and the most up-to-date information, please consult official government sources which we have provided for you below:

• https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/electrically-assisted-pedal-cycles-eapcs/electrically-assisted-pedal-cycles-eapcs-in-great-britain-information-sheet
• https://www.gov.uk/electric-bike-rules

Disclaimer: The information provided in this article is for general guidance only and does not constitute legal advice. Laws can change over time. It is the responsibility of the customer to ensure that their electric bike complies with all current UK laws, including EAPC regulations. For the most up-to-date legal requirements, please refer to official government sources.